Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome
Shin splints derives its name from the term used to describe the bony enlargements often found on the upper part of the cannon bone of a horse's leg. For runners, it was initially a blanket word applied to any pain located between the ankle and knee. Modern medicine has contributed a more precise diagnosis to this ailment.
The injury's onset is usually gradual and develops in four stages ranging from a vague discomfort to the point where anything beyond merely walking is impossible. At the stage four level, it actually has degenerates into a stress fracture.
A proper diagnosis can differentiate this syndrome from a muscle tear in the tibialis muscle. Usually the bone in the affected area will have a rough, almost corrugated feel due to the buildup of a new bony layer. When pressure is applied to this area, the pain is often excruciating. There may be swelling over the bone and any finger pressure given it will leave a small, temporary indentation. X-rays can confirm the presence of a stress fracture.
The larger lower leg bone (tibia) has tendons attached to it. These connective points become stressed during foot-plant in runners. Oftentimes it results from overuse or a sudden, rapid build-up of mileage. These connections can be affected by the torsion of improper mechanics (over pronation). While the term shin splints implies only the front of the lower leg, anterior splints can appear from excessive downhill running.
This is not an incurable condition but can take an inordinately long time to correct and heal. A typical rehab calls for either a dramatic curtailment or cessation of running. This is coupled with any or all of several other treatments. The inflammation site should iced and massaged. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (ibuprofen) may be used. The athlete must also be analyzed for biomechanical flaws and physiological weaknesses. Motion control shoes that prevent over pronation, additional arch support, and inserts offering additional cushioning are all possible treatments.